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This property and planning glossary explains the acronyms, phrases and bits of jargon that crop up across planning, property and development. There are around 500 entries and we keep adding to it as new terms appear.
If something is missing from the glossary, let us know. Where we have more information about a term, we link to the relevant Planning Geek page or section.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
| AADF | Annual Average Daily Flow (also see AADT) |
| AADT | Annual average daily traffic is the total volume of vehicle traffic on a road for a year divided by 365 |
| AAWT | Annual average weekday traffic |
| AAI | Areas of Archaeological Importance |
| ACM | Asbestos Containing Material |
| ACM | Aluminium Composite Material (cladding) |
| ACV | Asset of Community Value |
| Adopted Road | A highway that is maintained at public expense |
| Adopted Plan | Confirmation of the finalisation of a development plan or local development document by the LPA |
| ADS | Additional Dwelling Supplement to the Land and Buildings Transaction Tax in Scotland |
| AF | Angel Finance |
| AGLV | Area of Great Landscape Value |
| AIA | Arboricultural Impact Assessment |
| AIB | Asbestos Insulation Board |
| AIP | Agreement in Principle |
| Affordable | Social rented, affordable rented and intermediate housing provided to eligible households |
| Amenity | A positive element or elements that contribute to the overall character or enjoyment of an area |
| AML | Anti Money Laundering |
| Ancient Woodland | A area that has been wooded continuously since at least 1600 AD |
| AoHNE | Ardaloedd o Harddwch Naturiol Eithriadol (AONB in Welsh) |
| AONB | Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, legally still an AONB but branded as a National Landscape since 2023 |
| AP | Adverse Possession |
| Appeal | Process to challenge a negative planning decision. |
| Appellant | One who appeals to the inspectorate regarding a refusal for planning |
| AQA | Air Quality Assessment |
| AQMA | Air Quality Management Area |
| Article 2(3) Land | Conservation Area, AONB, the Broads, National Park, World Heritage Site |
| Article 2(4) Land | National Park, the Broads, certain land just outside a National Park |
| Article 2(5) Land | Areas within certain Local Authorities where restrictions to the GPDO exist |
| Article 4 | Direction removing some or all permitted development rights |
| ARLA | Association of Residential Letting Agents |
| ASDT | Average Summer Daily Traffic |
| ASHP | Air Source Heat Pump |
| ASLI | Areas of Special Landscape Importance |
| ASR | Asbestos Survey Report |
| ASSI | Area of Special Scientific Interest |
| AST | Assured Shorthold Tenancy |
| AT | Assured Tenancy |
| BC | Borough Council |
| BBL | Bounce Back Loan |
| BMRV | Below Market Value |
| BMV | Below Mortgage Redemption Value |
| BNG | Biodiversity Net Gain |
| BoE | Bank Of England |
| BOPAS | Buildoffsite Property Assurance Scheme |
| BREEAM | Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Methodology (how “green” a new building is) |
| BRMV | Broad Rental Market Area |
| Broads | The Norfolk and Suffolk Broads |
| Brownfield land | Land which is or was occupied by a permanent structure |
| BRR | Buy Refurb Refinance |
| BRRR | Buy, Refurb, Rent, Refinance, and Repeat |
| BTL | Buy to Let |
| BTS | Buy to Sell |
| Build to Rent | Purpose built housing that is 100% rented out |
| CA | Capital Allowances |
| CAD | Computer Aided Design |
| Catchment | Designated area within which specific policies may apply |
| CBIL | CoronaVirus Business Interruption Loan |
| CBR | Californian Bearing Ratio – a penetration test used to evaluate the subgrade strength of roads and pavements |
| CC | County Council or City Council |
| CCJ | County Court Judgement |
| CDM | Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015 |
| CEMP | Construction Environmental Management Plan |
| CERTASS | Certification and Assessment – UKAS approved Certification Scheme that checks individual contractors and companies competence against set standards |
| CfSH | Code for Sustainable Homes |
| CGI | Computer Generated Image |
| CGT | Capital Gains Tax |
| CH | Central Heating |
| CHP | Combined Heath and Power |
| CIAT | Chartered Institute of Architectural Technologists |
| CIBSE | Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers |
| CIL | Community Infrastructure Levy |
| CIOB | Chartered Institute of Building |
| CIS | Construction Industry Scheme |
| CLEUD | Certificate of Lawful Existing Use or Development |
| CLG | Department for Communities and Local Government (now the MHCLG) |
| CLOPUD | Certificate of Lawfulness of Proposed Use or Development |
| CLT | Cross-Laminated-Timber construction |
| CLU | Certificate of Lawful Use |
| CML | Council Mortgage Lenders |
| Coalescence | Merging ot coming together of separate towns or villages to form a single entity |
| COCR | Cash On Cash Return |
| COL | Certificate of Lawfulness (listed buildings) |
| Commuted Payment | Payment made in lieu of recreational open space or affordable housing |
| Conservation Area | Area of special architectural or historic interest |
| Core Strategy | Document setting out long term spatial vision for the LPA |
| COSHH | Control of Substances Hazardous to Health |
| CPO | Compulsory Purchase Order |
| CPR | Civil Procedure Rules |
| CPSE | Commercial Property Standard Enquiries |
| CPZ | Controlled Parking Zone |
| CRM | Capital Repayment Mortgage |
| CT | Council Tax |
| Curtilage | The area, usually enclosed, encompassing the grounds and buildings immediately surrounding a home |
| D&B | Design and Build (a popular form of building procurement) |
| D&O | Directors & Officers Insurance |
| DAPHS | Design, Access, Planning and Heritage Statement |
| DAPHS | Don’t Awake Planner He’s Sleeping |
| DAS | Design and Access Statement |
| dB | Decibel |
| DC | District Council |
| DCLG | Department for Communities and Local Government (now the MHCLG) |
| DD | Due Diligence |
| Decision Notice | Planning approval or permission issued by the LPA on a planning application |
| DEFRA | Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs |
| Density | A measurement of either number of habitable rooms or number of dwellings per hectare |
| Development | Defined in the 1990 Town & Country Planning Act describing “the carrying out of building, engineering, operation in, on or under land, or the making of any material change in the use of any building or other land” |
| Development Plan | Statutory Development Plan setting out the policies that direct future development in an area |
| DIP | Decision in Principle |
| DLA | Disability Living Allowance |
| DMDPD | Development Management Development Plan Document |
| DMPO | Development Management Procedure Order (England) 2015 |
| DPC | Damp Proof Course |
| DPD | Development Plan Document |
| DPEA | Planning & Environmental Appeals Division in Scotland |
| DPH | Dwellings per hectare |
| DPM | Damp Proof Membrane |
| DPP | Detailed Planning Permission |
| DQRA | Detailed Quantitative Risk Assessments (Phase 3) – See GQRA & PRA |
| DTV | Direct to Vendor |
| Dwellinghouse | Property containing a single person or by people to be regarded as forming a single household |
| E&O | Errors & Omissions |
| EA | Estate Agent |
| EBITDA | Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortisation |
| EDC | Exchange with a Delayed Completion |
| EIA | Environmental Impact Assessment |
| EICR | Electrical Installation Condition Report |
| Employment Land | Land identified for business, general industrial or storage and distribution as per the Use Classes |
| EOT | Extension of Time |
| EPC | Energy Performance Certificate |
| ERC | Early Repayment Charge |
| EUV | Existing Use Value |
| EWS1 | External Wall Survey Process – for external cladding on taller residential buildings |
| Extant | Planning permission which is still valid and able to be implemented. It has been started. |
| FCA | Financial Conduct Authority |
| FENSA | Fenestration Self Assessment Scheme |
| FH | Freehold |
| FLEEA | Fire, Lightning, Earthquake, Explosion, Aircraft (Insurance) |
| Flood plain | Low-lying areas adjacent to a watercourse, tidal lengths of a river or the sea, which can flood |
| FM | Force Majeure |
| FMV | Fair Market Value |
| FR | Fixed Rate |
| FRA | Flood Risk Assessment |
| FRA | Fire Risk Assessment |
| FRI Lease | Full Repairing & Insuring Lease |
| FTB | First Time Buyer |
| FW&T | Fair Wear and Tear |
| Gateway Site | Key development area usually identified and containing opportunities for prominent prestige developments |
| GCH | Gas Central Heating |
| GDPR | General Data Protection Regulation |
| GDV | Gross Development Value – the value of all the units on a site |
| GEA | Gross External Area – the area of a building measured externally |
| GFCH | Gas Fired Central Heating |
| GIA | Gross Internal Area – the area of a building measured to the internal face of the perimeter wall |
| GLA | Greater London Authority |
| GP | Gross Profit |
| GPDO | General Permitted Development Order (England) 2015 |
| GQRA | Generic Quantitative Risk Assessments (Phase 2) – See DQRA & PRA |
| GR | Gross Return |
| Grampian | Planning condition preventing the build until off-site works have been completed on land not controlled by the applicant |
| Green Belt | Land around large built-up areas, which aims to keep this land permanently open or largely undeveloped |
| Greenfield | A site which has never been built on, the opposite of brownfield or previously developed land |
| Grey Belt | Green Belt land that is either already built on or does little to stop towns sprawling or merging into each other, or to protect the setting of a historic town, so it may be easier to build on |
| GSC | Gas Safety Certificate |
| GSHP | Ground Source Heat Pump |
| Habitable Room | Includes lounges, bedrooms, kitchens, studies, conservatories etc., but not bathrooms , cupboards etc. |
| HBS | Help to Buy Scheme |
| HCA | Homes and Communities Agency, now trading as Homes England |
| HHSRS | Housing Health and Safety Rating System |
| Highway | A road or footpath that is adopted or unadopted by the highways authority |
| HMO | House in Multiple Occupation |
| HMRC | Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs |
| HNWI | High net worth individuals |
| HOTs | Heads of terms |
| HPI | House Price Index |
| HPL | High Pressure Laminate (cladding) |
| HRA | Habitat Regulations Assessment |
| HSE | Health and Safety Executive |
| HTB | Help to Buy |
| HVAC | Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning |
| IAQM | Institute of Air Quality Management |
| ICOMOS | International Council on Monuments and Sites |
| ICR | Interest Cover Ratio |
| IFA | Independent Financial Advisor |
| IHBC | Institute of Historic Building Conservation |
| IHT | Inheritance Tax |
| IL | Invert Level (pipes) |
| Inclusive Design | Designing the built environment to ensure that they can be accessed and used by everyone |
| Infrastructure | Buildings, roads, schools, leisure facilities, churches, play areas, public open spaces etc. |
| IO | Interest Only |
| IPMS | International Property Measurement Standards |
| IPMS 1 | New international standard for Gross External Area (GEA) |
| IPMS 2 | New international standard for Gross Internal Area (GIA) |
| IPMS 3 | New international standard for Net Internal Area (NIA) |
| IRI | Internal Repairing Insuring (Lease) |
| IRR | Internal Rate of Return |
| JCT | Joint Contracts Tribunal – standard forms of contract for use by the construction industry |
| JSL | Joint and Several Liability |
| Judicial Review Period | For a decision by the Secretary of State or a local planning authority under the planning Acts, a judicial review claim must be filed within six weeks. Other judicial review claims can have different time limits |
| JV | Joint Venture |
| JVP | Joint Venture Partner |
| KPI | Key Performance Indicator |
| KSA | Key Shopping Area |
| KYC | Know Your Client/Customer – ID checking with solicitors etc. |
| LA | Local Authority |
| LABC | Local Authority Building Control |
| LAD | Liquidated and Ascertained Damages (re a JCT) |
| LAP | Local Area for Play |
| LBC | Listed Building Consent |
| LBC | London Borough Council |
| LBTT | Land and Buildings Transaction Tax in Scotland (similar to English Stamp Duty) |
| LCRM | Land Contamination Risk Management (contains PRA (phase 1), GQRA (phase 2) & DQRA (phase 3) |
| LDC | Lawful Development Certificate |
| LDF | Local Development Framework |
| LEAP | Local Equipped Area for Play |
| LEMP | Landscape & Ecological Management Plan |
| LEP | Local Economic Partnership |
| LH | Leasehold |
| LIBOR | London Interbank Offered Rate |
| Listed building | A building of special architectural or historic interest |
| LL | Landlord |
| LLA | Local Landscape Areas (Scotland) |
| LLFA | Lead Local Flood Authority |
| LLD | Local Landscape Designations |
| LLP | Limited Liability Partnership |
| LO | Lease Option |
| Local Plan | A development plan prepared by district and other local planning authorities |
| Locally Listed | A building that’s been listed by the local authority. Not quite a listed building. |
| LPA | Local Planning Authority |
| LPE1 Form | Leasehold Property Enquiries Form |
| LTC | Loan to Cost |
| LTD | Limited Company |
| LTT | Land Transaction Tax in Wales (similar to English Stamp Duty) |
| LTV | Loan to Value |
| Major Development | Development involving minerals or waste, 10 or more dwellings (or, where the number is not known, a housing site of 0.5 hectares or more), 1,000 sq. m. or more of new floorspace, or a site of 1 hectare or more |
| Massing | Combined effect of the arrangement, volume and shape of a building or group of buildings in relation to other buildings and spaces |
| Material Considerations | Consideration relating to the purpose of planning legislation |
| MBC | Metropolitan Borough Council |
| MCOB | Mortgage Conduct of Business rules |
| MCM | Metal Composite Materials (cladding) |
| MCS | Microgeneration Certification Scheme for wind turbines and air source heat pumps |
| MDC | Metropolitan District Council |
| MEES | Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards |
| MHCLG | Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government |
| Minor Development | A development category below the major-development thresholds. For housing this is commonly 1–9 dwellings; other thresholds depend on floorspace and site area, with householder development normally treated separately |
| MOS | Memorandum of sale |
| MV | Market Value |
| MVHR | Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery |
| MVP | Minimum Viable Product |
| MW | Minor Works Contract |
| National Parks | Nationally designated areas for protection of the landscape |
| NAEA | National Association of Estate Agents |
| NALS | National Association of Letting Agents |
| Natura 2000 | A European network of protected sites consisting of SAC and SPA |
| NDEPC | Non-Domestic Energy Performance Certificate |
| NDHA | Non Designated Heritage Asset (see Locally Listed) |
| NEAP | Neighbourhood Equipped Area for Play |
| Neighbourhood Plan | Document prepared by a Parish or Town Council or Neighbourhood Forum |
| NHBC | National House Building Council Scheme |
| NIA | Net Internal Area – the useable area within a building measured to the internal face of the perimeter walls |
| NIA | Noise Impact Assessment |
| NIMBY | Not In My Back Yard |
| NLA | National Landlords Association |
| NLUD | National Land Use Database – Land Use and Land Cover Classification |
| NMIS | Non Mainstream Investment Scheme |
| NP | Net Profit |
| NPPF | National Planning Policy Framework |
| NPPG | National Planning Practice Guidance |
| NR | Net Return |
| NSA | Net Sales Area |
| NSG | National Street Gazetteer |
| NSIPs | Nationally Significant Infrastructure Projects |
| OAO | On the application of (often related to planning applications within appeals) |
| OCH | Oil Central Heating |
| OIEO | Offers In Excess Of |
| OIRO | Offers in The Region Of |
| OMV | Open Market Value |
| OO | Owner Occupier |
| Open Space | Open space of public value including land, water, canals, rivers, lakes and reservoirs |
| OPM | Other People’s Money: Using other people’s money to purchase property |
| OPP | Outline Planning Permission |
| Original Building | As a building existed on 1st July 1948 or if after when it was first constructed |
| OS | Ordnance Survey |
| OTO | Open To Offers |
| Outline Application | Planning permission to establish that the principle of planning is acceptable |
| Out of Town | Location outside of the existing urban area |
| Outrigger | Either a one or two storey on the rear of a Victorian house containing kitchen, scullery etc. (original structure) |
| PA | Per Annum |
| PA | Prior Approval |
| PAT | Portable Appliance Testing |
| PCA | The Property Care Association |
| PCM | Per Calendar Month |
| PCPA | Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 |
| PD | Permitted Development |
| PDL | Previously Developed Land (formerly known as brownfield) |
| PEA | Predicted Energy Assessment |
| PEDW | Planning and Environment Decisions Wales |
| Peppercorn Rent | A token or nominal rent, from leases where the ground rent is one peppercorn a year, now usually £1 a year |
| Permeable Surface | Designed to allow rainwater to infiltrate through the surface |
| PG | Planning Gain – benefits, infrastructure and contributions secured from development through the planning system |
| Planning Uplift | Increase in land value arising from improved planning or development prospects |
| PG | Personal Guarantee |
| PINS | Planning Inspectorate for England |
| PiP | Permission in Principle |
| Planning Condition | A condition imposed on a grant of planning permission |
| Planning Obligation | A legally enforceable obligation entered into under Section 106 to mitigate the impacts of a development proposal |
| Planning Permission | Planning approval confirmed via a decision notice |
| Plot Ratio | The proportion of a development site covered by buildings |
| Policy Map | See Proposals Map |
| POA | Price On Application |
| POA | Power Of Attorney |
| PoC | Profit on Cost |
| PP | Planning Permission |
| PP | Purchase Price |
| PPE | Personal Protective Equipment |
| PPG | Planning Policy Guidance |
| PPR | Principal Private Residence |
| Pre-App | Pre planning application advice |
| Prior Approval | A form of permitted development for a change of use |
| Proposals Map | Part of the local plan showing development zones within the local community (or Policy Map) |
| PRA | Preliminary Risk Assessment (Phase 1) – See GQRA & DQRA |
| PRT | Private Residential Tenancy (Scotland) |
| PS13/3 | FCA restrictions on the marketing of unregulated investments to members of the public |
| PS14/4 | FCA regulatory approach to crowdfunding over the internet |
| PTAL | Public Transport Accessibility Levels (Transport for London) |
| PV | Photovoltaic (solar) panel |
| PW | Per Week |
| PWA | Party Wall Agreement or Act |
| QS | Quantity Surveyor |
| QUANGO | Quasi Autonomous Non-Governmental Organisation |
| R2R | Rent to Rent |
| Refusal | Formal written notice that a planning application has been refused |
| Regeneration | The economic, social and environmental renewal and regeneration of an area |
| Reserved Matters | One or more matters reserved in an outline planning permission – access, appearance, layout, scale and landscaping |
| RHI | Renewable Heat Incentive |
| RIBA | Royal Institute of British Architects |
| RICS | Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors |
| RIDDOR | Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations |
| ROCE | Return on Capital Employed |
| ROE | Return on Equity |
| ROTE | Return on Time Employed |
| ROI | Return on Investment |
| ROR | Rate of Return |
| RP | Registered Provider |
| RPA | Root Protection Area for trees |
| RPI | Retail Price Index |
| RSL | Registered Social Landlords are government-funded not-for-profit organisations that provide affordable housing |
| RTM | Right to Manage |
| RTPI | Royal Town Planning Institute (Chartered Town Planner) |
| RX1 | Application to register a restriction on a property title preventing certain types of transactions affecting the property being registered at Land Registry |
| RX2 | Application for an order that a restriction be disapplied or modified |
| RX3 | Application for an order to cancel a restriction on the title of land or property |
| RX4 | Application to withdraw a restriction placed via an RX1 |
| S102 | Section 102 is an agreement for an already installed sewer to be adopted |
| S104 | Section 104 is an agreement to adopt a new sewer |
| S106 | Section 106 is a legal agreement between an applicant seeking planning permission and the local planning authority, which is used to mitigate the impact of your new home on the local community and infrastructure |
| S171 | Section 171 for works to a highway, such as a vehicle access or placing materials on the road |
| S184 | Section 184 is for a temporary vehicle crossing over a footway prior to a Section 278 or a Section 38 agreement or a dropped kerb |
| S257 HMO | A building converted into flats, not compliant with ’91 building control & less than 2/3rds owner-occupied |
| S278 | Section 278 allows developers to enter into a legal agreement to alter the public highway |
| S38 | Section 38 is an agreement to make a road to adopted by the local authority |
| S50 | Section 50 allows for apparatus to be installed beneath a highway |
| S73 | Section 73 allows for minor material amendments to planning permission or an Application for removal or variation of a condition following grant of planning permission |
| S96A | Ability to make ‘non-material’ amendments to planning permission under S96A of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 |
| SA | Serviced Accommodation |
| SAC | Special Area of Conservation |
| Safeguarded land | Land which is designated for future development |
| SAMM | Strategic Access Management and Monitoring |
| SANG | Suitable Alternative Natural Greenspace |
| SAP | Standard Assessment Procedure – assessing the energy rating for a new home |
| SARB | Sale and Rent Back |
| SASS | Small Self Administered Scheme |
| SBI | Site of Biological Importance |
| SDLT | Stamp Duty Land Tax |
| SEA | Strategic Environmental Assessment |
| SFRA | Strategic Flood Risk Assessment |
| SHLAA | Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment |
| SHMA | Strategic Housing Market Assessment |
| SIPP | Self Invested Personal Pension |
| SIPs | Structural Insulated Panel system |
| SL | Supported Living |
| SLA | Special Landscape Areas |
| SMC | Scheduled Monument Consent |
| SNCI | Sites of Nature Conservation Importance |
| SoS | Secretary of State |
| SPA | Special Protection Area |
| Space Standards | Minimum sizes permitted for rooms or residential dwellings |
| SPD | Supplementary Planning Document |
| SPG | Supplementary Planning Guidance |
| Splays | The visibility at the junction of a road. The wider the opening or splay the further one can see |
| SPP | Subject to Planning Permission |
| SPV | Special Purpose Vehicle – a limited company or LLP set up for the sole purpose of one or more sites |
| SSAS | Small Self-Administered Pension Scheme |
| SSCLG | Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government |
| SSE | Secretary of State for the Environment |
| SSSI | Site of Special Scientific Interest |
| SSTC | Sold Subject To Contract |
| SSTCM | Sold Subject to Concluded Missives |
| STPP | Subject To Planning Permission |
| SuDS | Sustainable Drainage Systems – Managing runoff from buildings and hard standings |
| SUE | Sustainable Urban Extension |
| Sui Generis | Any planning use not falling within a specific use class |
| Sustainable Development | Where a development meets the needs of present generation without compromising future generations |
| SV | Surveyor Valuation |
| SVR | Standard Variable Rate (Mortgage) |
| TCPA | Town and Country Planning Act 1990 |
| TDC | Technical Details Consent |
| The Broads | The Norfolk and Suffolk Broads |
| TOGC | Transfer of Going Concern |
| TPO | Tree Protection Order |
| Transport Assessment | Setting out the transport issues relating to a proposed development |
| Travel Plan | Management strategy for an organisation or a site that seeks to deliver sustainable transport objectives |
| TS | Title Split |
| UCO | Use Classes Order – the Town & Country (Use Classes) Order puts properties into various planning categories |
| UDP | Unitary Development Plan |
| UDPRN | Unique Delivery Point Reference Number – deliverable address from Royal Mail |
| UKAS | United Kingdom Accreditation Service |
| Unadopted | A highway that is not maintained at public expense |
| UPRN | Unique Property Reference Number – could be houses, offices, bus stops, substations etc. |
| Use Classes | Classes which categorise land usage into groups |
| USRN | Unique Street Reference Number – all streets in Great Britain |
| VC | Venture Capitalist |
| Vergée | 17,640 sq feet (1,639 sq m) in Guernsey or 19,360 sq feet (1,798.6 sq m) in Jersey |
| Vesting Order | Order of a court, an administrative agency, or public officer passing the legal title in lieu of a legal conveyance |
| VF | Venture Finance |
| Visibility Splay | The visibility at the junction of a road. The wider the opening or splay the further one can see. |
| VBC | Vacant Building Credit – national planning policy credit which can reduce affordable housing contributions for qualifying vacant buildings |
| VOA | Valuation Office Agency |
| VP | Vacant Possession Value |
| WHS | World Heritage Site – A cultural or natural site of outstanding universal value designated by the ICOMOS |
| Wildlife Corridor | Areas of habitat connecting wildlife populations |
| X-Axis | Horizontal axis on a chart |
| Y-Axis | Vertical axis on a chart |
| YIMBY | Yes, In My Back Yard campaign group – opposite to NIMBY |
| Zero-carbon | Over a year, the net carbon emissions from all energy use in the home are zero |
If you can add to this property glossary please let us know.
Planning Glossary Page Updated: 25th August 2026